What is the term for a scotoma that is located immediately nasal or temporal to fixation?

The term for a scotoma located immediately nasal or temporal to fixation is known as a paracentral scotoma. In ophthalmology, scotomas refer to areas of partial or complete loss of vision surrounded by a field of relatively normal vision.

A paracentral scotoma specifically implies that the visual loss occurs adjacent to the central vision (fixation point) but does not involve the center itself. This placement can help distinguish it from other types of scotomas, like central scotomas—which are directly at the fixation point—and peripheral scotomas, which occur further away from the center of fixation.

Understanding the location of scotomas is important in diagnosing various eye conditions, such as glaucoma or retinal diseases, as it provides insights into the underlying pathology affecting the visual pathways. The other terms describe different locations or characteristics of scotomas, but they do not specifically refer to those positioned just adjacent to the area of central vision, making "paracentral" the most accurate term in this context.