What condition does an iridotomy treat?

An iridotomy is a surgical procedure that involves creating a small opening in the peripheral part of the iris. Its primary purpose is to alleviate the pressure build-up in the eye caused by a pupillary block. A pupillary block occurs when the fluid within the eye, known as aqueous humor, cannot properly circulate due to the iris blocking the angle where drainage occurs, which can lead to an increase in intraocular pressure. This procedure provides a new pathway for the aqueous humor to flow, helping to relieve the pressure and prevent complications like acute glaucoma.

While conditions such as glaucoma can be related to pupillary block situations, particularly in angle-closure glaucoma, the direct treatment provided by an iridotomy specifically targets the blockage mechanism. Other conditions listed, such as retinal detachment and conjunctivitis, are not addressed by this procedure, making it essential to understand the specific application of iridotomy in treating pupillary block.